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Publication Date: 2011-07-01
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Niiniluoto, I. M. (2011). Mundos virtuales, ficción y realidad. Discusiones Filosóficas, 12(19), 13–28. Retrieved from https://ucaldas.metarevistas.org/index.php/discusionesfilosoficas/article/view/614
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Abstract
My aim in this paper is to raise and discuss some philosophical questions about Virtual Reality (VR). The most fundamental problem concerns the ontological nature of VR: is it real or fictional? Is VR comparable to illusions, hallucinations, dreams, or worlds of fiction? Are traditional philosophical categories at all sufficient to give us understanding of the phenomenon of VR? In approaching these questions, I shall employ possible world semantics and logical theories of perception and imagination as my philosophical tools. My main conclusion is that VR is comparable to a 3-D picture which can be seen from the inside.
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References
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Descartes, R. Discourse on method. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1968. Print.
---. The meditations. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1968. Print.
Devitt, M. Realism and truth. Oxford: Blackwell, 1991. Print.
Gombrich, E. H., Hochberg, J. & Black, M. Art, perception, and reality. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972. Print.
Goodman, N. Ways of world making. Hassocks: Harvester Press, 1978. Print.
Heim, M. Virtual realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Print.
Hintikka, J. The intentions of intentionality. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1975. Print.
Kaila, E. Reality and experience. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1979. Print.
Langer, S. Feeling and form. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1953. Print.
Leibniz, G. W. New essays on human understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Print.
Mehtonen, P. Old concepts and new poetics: Historia, argumentum, and the twelfth and early Thirteenth-Century Latin poetics of fiction. Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1996. Print.
Niiniluoto, I. “Remarks on the logic of perception”. I. Niiniluoto & E. Saarinen (Eds.). Intensional logic: theory and applications. Helsinki: The Philosophical Society of Finland, 1982. Print.
---. “Imagination and fiction”. Journal of Semantics 4, 1986: 209-222. Print.
---. Truthlikeness. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1987. Print.
---. “Technology policy in a democratic state”. S. Hellsten, M. Kopperi, & O. Loukola (Eds.). Taking the liberal challenge seriously. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1997. Print.
---. Critical scientific realism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999a. Print.
---. “Film and reality”. E. Tarasti (Ed.). Snow, forest, silence: the Finnish tradition of semiotics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999b. Print.
---. “Scepticism, fallibilism, and verisimilitude”. J. Sihvola (Ed.). Ancient scepticism and the sceptical tradition. Helsinki: The Philosophical Society of Finland, 2000. Print.
---. “World 3: a critical defence”. Ian Jarvie, Karl Milford & David Miller (Eds.). Karl Popper: a centenary assessment, vol. II. Metaphysics and epistemology. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. Print.
Peirce, C. S. Collected papers. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-35. Print.
Popper, K. R. Objective knowledge: an evolutionary approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.
Rheingold, H. Virtual reality. New York: Summit Books, 1991. Print.
Routley, R. Exploring meinong’s jungle and beyond. Canberra: Australian National University, 1980.
Sartre, J. P. The psychology of imagination. London: Methuen, 1972. Print.
Searle, J. Expression and meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Print.
Searle, J. Minds, brains, and science. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984. Print.
Walton, K. Mimesis as Make-Believe: On the foundations of the representational arts. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990. Print.
