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Alvarado Marambio, J. T. (2022). The cognitive theory of propositions and metaphysics of properties. Discusiones Filosóficas, 23(41), 31–58. https://doi.org/10.17151/difil.2022.23.41.3
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Authors
José Tomás Alvarado Marambio
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Abstract
One of the central arguments of the so-called ‘cognitive’ theory of propositions has been that their representational character — and with it their truth conditions— is derived from the primitive representational character of concrete cognitive acts by which an agent predicates a property of an object. Propositions inherit their representational character because they are ‘types’ of particular cognitive acts that have the ‘same’ representational content. It is argued in this work that this assumption is in conflict with the fact that concrete cognitive acts are instances of certain types. Under most conceptions of what founds the fact that a plurality of objects shares the ‘same’ nature —for example about how they are something ‘one’ in the multiple many— the qualitative character of an object is founded in universals or in some other construction acceptable for the nominalist.
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References
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Oliver, Alex. “The Metaphysics of Properties”, Mind 105: 1-80. 1996. Print.
Rodríguez-Pereyra, Gonzalo. Resemblance Nominalism. A Solution to the Problem of Universals. Oxford University Press. 2002. Print.
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Soames, Scott. What is Meaning? Princeton University Press. 2010. Print.
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---. (2014b), “Cognitive Propositions” en King, Soames y Speaks. 2014. 91-124.
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---. Rethinking Language, Mind, and Meaning. Princeton University Press. 2015. Print.
---. “For Want of Cognitively Defined Propositions. A History of Insights and Missed Philosophical Opportunities” en Moltmann y Textor. 2017. 181-208. Print.
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Williams, Donald C. (1953), “On the Elements of Being”, Review of Metaphysics 7 Nº 1: 3-18 y Nº 2: 171-92. Reimpreso en The Elements and Patterns of Being. Essays in Metaphysics. Edited by A. R. J. Fisher. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, 24-50. Se cita por esta versión.
Alvarado, José Tomás. A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and Their Instantiations. Shadow of Universals. Springer. 2020. Print.
Armstrong, David M. Universals and Scientific Realism. Volume I: Nominalism and Realism. Cambridge University Press. 1978a. Print.
---. Universals and Scientific Realism. Volume II: A Theory of Universals. Cambridge University Press. 1978b. Print.
---. (1980), “Against ‘Ostrich’ Nominalism: A Reply to Michael Devitt”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 61: 440-449. Reimpreso en D. H. Mellor y Alex Oliver (eds.), Properties, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997, 101-111.
---. Universals. An Opinionated Introduction. Westview. 1989. Print.
---. A World of States of Affairs. Cambridge University Press. 1997. Print.
Bealer, George. Quality and Concept. Clarendon Press. 1982. Print.
Brogaard, Berit. “An Empirically-Informed Cognitive Theory of Propositions” en Hunter y Rattan. 2015. 20-43. Print.
Campbell Keith. Abstract Particulars. Blackwell. 1990. Print.
Correia, Fabrice y Schnieder Benjamin (eds.) Metaphysical Grounding. Understanding the Structure of Reality. Cambridge University Press. 2012a. Print.
---. “Grounding: An Opinionated Introduction” en Correia y Schnieder (2012a), 1-36. Print.
Costa, Damiano. “An Argument Against Aristotelian Universals”. 2019. Synthese. Web.
Denkel, Arda. Object and Property. Cambridge University Press. 1996. Print.
Edwards, Douglas. Properties. Polity. 2014. Print.
---. Tropes. Properties, Objects, and Mental Causation. Oxford University Press. 2011. Print.
Enderton, Herbert B. Elements of Set Theory. Academic Press. 1977. Print.
Fine, Kit. “Ontological Dependence”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 95: 269-290. 1995. Print.
---. “Guide to Ground” en Correia y Schnieder (2012a), 37-80.
Hanks, Peter. Propositional Content. Oxford University Press. 2015. Print.
Heil, John. The Universe as We Find It. Clarendon Press. 2012. Print.
Hunter, David y Rattan, Gurpreet (eds.). New Essays on the Nature of Propositions. Routledge. 2015. Print.
Imaguire, Guido. Priority Nominalism. Grounding Ostrich Nominalism as a Solution to the Problem of Universals. Springer. 2018. Print.
Keller, Lorraine J. “Against Naturalized Cognitive Propositions”. Erkenntnis 82: 929-946. 2017. Print.
Kim, Jaegwon. (1976), “Events as Property Exemplifications” en Myles Brand y Douglas Walton (ed.), Action Theory, Dordrecht: Reidel, 159-177. Reimpreso en Supervenience and Mind. Selected Philosophical Essays, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, 33-52. Se utiliza esta versión.
King, Jeffrey C. The Nature and Structure of Content. Oxford University Press. 2007. Print.
---. “What Role Do Propositions Play in our Theories” en King, Soames y Speaks (2014), 5-8. Print.
King, Jeffrey C., Soames, Scott y Speaks, Jeff. New Thinking About Propositions. Oxford University Press. 2014. Print.
Lewis, David. On the Plurality of Worlds. Blackwell. 1986. Print.
Lowe E. Jonathan. The Four-Category Ontology. A Metaphysical Foundation for Natural Science. Clarendon Press. 2006. Print.
Maurin, Anna-Sofia. If Tropes. Kluwer. 2002. Print.
Moltmann, Friederike. Abstract Objects and the Semantics of Natural Language, Oxford University Press. 2013. Print.
---. “Propositions, Attitudinal Objects, and the Distinction between Actions and Products” en Hunter y Rattan. 2015. 164-187. Print.
---. “Cognitive Products and the Semantics of Attitude Verbs and Deontic Modals” en Moltmann y Textor. 2017. 254-289. Print.
---. (eds.). Act-Based Conceptions of Propositional Content. Contemporary and Historical Perspectives. Oxford University Press. 2017. Print.
Oliver, Alex. “The Metaphysics of Properties”, Mind 105: 1-80. 1996. Print.
Rodríguez-Pereyra, Gonzalo. Resemblance Nominalism. A Solution to the Problem of Universals. Oxford University Press. 2002. Print.
Schulte, Peter “Grounding Nominalism”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 100: 482-505. 2019. Print.
Simons, Peter. “Particulars in Particular Clothing: Three Trope Theories of Substance”. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 54: 553-575. 1994. Print.
Soames, Scott. What is Meaning? Princeton University Press. 2010. Print.
---. “Why the Traditional Conceptions of Propositions Can’t Be Correct” en King, Soames y Speaks. 2014. 25-44. Print.
---. (2014b), “Cognitive Propositions” en King, Soames y Speaks. 2014. 91-124.
---. “Clarifying and Improving the Cognitive Theory” en King, Soames y Speaks. 2014. 226-244.
---. Rethinking Language, Mind, and Meaning. Princeton University Press. 2015. Print.
---. “For Want of Cognitively Defined Propositions. A History of Insights and Missed Philosophical Opportunities” en Moltmann y Textor. 2017. 181-208. Print.
---. “Propositions as Cognitive Acts”. Synthese 196: 1369-1383. 2019. Print. Wetzel, Linda. Types and Tokens. On Abstract Objects. MIT Press. 2009. Print.
Williams, Donald C. (1953), “On the Elements of Being”, Review of Metaphysics 7 Nº 1: 3-18 y Nº 2: 171-92. Reimpreso en The Elements and Patterns of Being. Essays in Metaphysics. Edited by A. R. J. Fisher. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, 24-50. Se cita por esta versión.
